Composites / Plastics Sitemap - Page 7
Detailed Information about Quickstep Rapid Curing Process
The new Quickstep curing process can achieve autoclave quality composite parts at pressures of only 1-4 psi and in times of less than one hour.
Detecting Corrosion - Composite Materials
Detecting Corrosion from Electrochemical Noise, from your About.com Guide
Detection Limit
The lowest concentration of a substance that can be determined with confidence.
Detector
A device that picks up light from a fiber and converts the information into an electrical signal.
Detent
A bump or raised section projecting from the surface of a part.
Deterioration
A permanent change in the physical properties of a plastic evidenced by impairment of those properties.
Determinate Structure
Any structure which can be fully analyzed and all internal loads and stresses determined through the use of one or more of the six equations of equilibrium without recourse to stiffness, deflection or other redundant analytical methods.
Determination
See ANALYSIS.: nbsp
Detritus
Wear debris.: nbsp definition debris
Detrusion
A term sometimes used for SHEAR STRAIN.: shear strain nbsp
Development Tooling Update - Composite Materials Date: 06/03/98
OSP update covering development tooling, from your About.com Guide
Deviation
The variation from a specified dimension or design requirement.
Deviation of Stress (Strain)
The stress (strain) tensor obtained by subtracting the mean of the normal stress (strain) components of a stress (strain) tensor from each normal stress (strain) component.
Deviator, Stress
The difference between the major and minor principal stresses in a triaxial test.
Device
Equipment designed to serve a special purpose.: special purpose
Devulcanizing Rubber - Composite Materials
Goodyear Patents Devulcanizing Process, from your About.com Guide
Di-
A prefix meaning two or twice.: nbsp definition
Di-Tertiary Butyl Peroxide
A stable liquid used as a high temperature polymerization catalyst.
Di-isocyanates
Compounds that contain two isocyanate (NCO) groups.
Di-tert-Butyl Peroxide
A member of the alkyl peroxide family, used as an initiator in polyester reactions, and as a cross-linking agent.
Di-tert-Butyl-para-Cresol
A white, crystalline solid used as an antioxidant.
Diacetone Alcohol
A liquid, miscible with water and most organic liquids, used as a solvent for epoxy resins.
Diacetyl Peroxide
See ACETYL PEROXIDE.: peroxide
Diacetylene Composites
Acetylenic derivatives for synthesizing acetylenic resins and fibers used in composite fabrication.
Diagonal
hi hardness testing, a line joining two opposite corners of a diamond pyramid indentation.
Diagonal Tensile Stress
One of the principal stresses resulting from the combination of horizontal and vertical shear stresses in a beam or slab.
Diallyl Chlorendate
A reactive monomer used as a flame resisting agent in DAP, epoxy and alkyd resins.
Diallyl Esters
Series of unsaturated esters which polymerize rapidly in the presence of peroxides at relatively low temperatures to yield cross-linked resins.
Diallyl Isophthalate
A polymerizable monomer, used in laminating and molding.
Diallyl Maleate
A monomer which polymerizes readily when exposed to light or temperatures above 50 C.
Diallyl Phthalate
In the monomeric form, a colorless liquid ester widely used as a cross-linking monomer for unsaturated polyester resins, and as a polymerizable plasticizer for many resins.
Diamide
Molecule with two amide groups.: amide groups nbsp definition molecule
Diamine
Molecule with two amino groups.: nbsp definition amino groups molecule
Diamino Diphenyl Sulfone
An accelerator for epoxy resins.: diphenyl epoxy resins accelerator geneva
Diamino-6-Phenyl-s-Triazine
See BENZOGUANAMINE.: nbsp definition diamino triazine phenyl
Diaminodiphenyl Methane
A crystalline material derived by heating formaldehyde anilide with aniline hydro-chloride and aniline.
Diaminopyridine
An epoxy curing agent.: geneva
Diamond Anvils - Composite Materials
Diamond Anvils for Ultrahigh Pressure Studies, from your About.com Guide
Diamond Drill Bits Blades and Other Tools
Diamond drill bits, blades and other tools for cutting composites and other abrasive materials.
Diamond Tool
A single pointed cutting tool used in precision machining of nonferrous or nonmetallic materials having a diamond shape or form.
Diaphragm Forming
A process based on the sheet forming of superplastic alloys which, in a certain temperature range, can deform several hundred percent.
Diatomaceous Earth
See DIATOMACEOUS SILICA.: color 000000 technomic publishing page nbsp word font href javascript
Diatomaceous Earth
See DIATOMACEOUS SILICA.: silica earth
Diatomaceous Silica
A form of hydrous silica, processed from natural diatomate, a sedimentary rock of varying degrees of consolidation that is composed essentially of the fossilized siliceous skeletal remains of single-cell aquatic plant organisms called diatoms.
Diatomic
Consisting of two atoms.: nbsp definition atoms
Diazine
(1) Hydrocarbon consisting of an unsaturated hex-atomic ring with two nitrogen and four carbon atoms.
Diazo-Compound
Type of compound containing the radical -N=N-.: nbsp definition
Diazoamine
The grouping -N=NNH-.: nbsp definition nnh
Dibasic
Pertaining to acids or salts which have two displace-able hydrogen atoms per molecule.
Dibasic Lead Phosphite
A white, crystalline powder used as a heat and light stabilizer for chlorine-containing resins.
Dibromobutenediol
A brominated primary glycol incorporated in a wide variety of polymers and used as a flame retardant monomer for thermoplastics.
Dibromoneopentyl Glycol
A high-melting point solid used as a flame retardant for polyester resins.
Dibutyl Butyl Phosphonate
An antistatic agent.: antistatic agent butyl
Dibutylurea
A polymerizable substance, also known as N,N-dibutylurea.
Dicarboxylic Adds
A family of organic acids containing two carboxylic (-COOH) groups.
Dication
A doubly charged cation.: nbsp definition
Dicetyl Ether
A lubricant used on molds for processing plastics.
Dichloride
An organic compound or inorganic salt containing two chlorine atoms.
Dichloromethane
See METHYLENE CHLORIDE.: dichloromethane
Dicing
The process of cutting thermoplastic strands or sheets into pellets for further processing.
Dictionary of Composite Materials Technology
Introduction to the Composite Materials Glossary.
Dictionary of Composite Materials Technology - Conversion
How the Dictionary of Composite Materials Technology was converted from a book into an online glossary.
Dictionary of Composite Materials Technology - Preface
Preface to the Dictionary of Composite Materials Technology.
Dicyandiamide
The widely used but incorrect name for the dimer of cyanamide, or cyanoguanidine, which is used mainly in the production of melamine, but also as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Dicyclopentadiene
A readily available olefin found in the off-streams of ethylene cracking units.
Dicyclopentadiene Resins
A class of matrix resins used with structural reinforcements, e.
Didecyl Ether
A lubricant for plastics molding and processing.: lubricant plastics
Die
(1) A steel block containing an orifice through which plastic is extruded, shaping the extrudate to the desired profile.
Die Blades
In extrusion, deformable members attached to a die body which determine the slot opening and which are adjusted to produce uniform thickness across the film or sheet produced.
Die Cone
See TORPEDO.: torpedo nbsp
Die Cutting
The process of cutting shapes from sheets of plastic by pressing a shaped knife edge into one or several layers of sheeting.
Die, Extrusion
An orifice placed at the exit end of extruder barrel through which the resin emerges and is formed.
Dielectric
(1) A very weak conductor of electricity; the ability of a material to resist the flow of an electrical current.
Dielectric Absorption
An accumulation of electrical charges within the body of an imperfect dielectric material when it is placed in an electrical field.
Dielectric Breakdown
The voltage required to cause an electrical failure of breakthrough of the insulation.
Dielectric Constant
(e) (1) That property of a dielectric which determines the electrostatic energy stored per unit volume for unit potential.
Dielectric Curing
Curing of a thermosetting resin by the passage of an electric charge, produced from a high-frequency generator, through the resin.
Dielectric Dissipation Factor
The cotangent (or tangent) of the dielectric phase angle or the tangent of the dielectric loss angle, represented by the symbol delta.
Dielectric Failure
The failure of an element in a dielectric circuit that exists when an insulating element becomes conducting.
Dielectric Heat Sealing
A sealing process widely used for thermoplastics with sufficient dielectric loss, in which the film is dielectrically heated and pressed against another film by an applicator which serves as one element of a condenser.
Dielectric Heating
The process of heating poor conductors of electricity (dielectrics) by- means of high-frequency electrical currents.
Dielectric Loss
A loss of energy which eventually produces a rise in temperature of a dielectric placed in an alternating electrical field.
Dielectric Loss Angle
The difference between ninety (90) degrees and the dielectric phase angle.
Dielectric Loss Factor
The product of the dielectric constant and the tangent of the dielectric loss angle.
Dielectric Loss Index
See DIELECTRIC LOSS FACTOR.: loss factor
Dielectric Loss Tangent
The ease or difficulty with which molecular ordering occurs.
Dielectric Phase Angle
The angular difference in phase between the sinusoidal alternating potential difference applied to a dielectric and the component of the resulting alternating current having the same period as the potential difference.
Dielectric Phase Difference
See DIELECTRIC LOSS ANGLE.: phase difference
Dielectric Power Factor
The cosine of the dielectric phase angle (or sine of the dielectric loss angle).
Dielectric Strength
A measure of the voltage required to puncture a material, expressed in volts per mil of thickness.
Dielectric Test
The application of a higher than rated voltage for a specified time, in order to determine the capability of insulating materials to withstand breakdown.
Diene Polymers
The family of polymers and copolymers based on unsaturated hydrocarbons or diolefins with two double bonds which includes ethylene, propylene, isoprene, butadiene, and cyclopentadiene.
Diene Value
A measure of the degree of conjugation of unsaturated linkages expressed in terms of the number of centigrams of iodine equivalent to the maleic anhydride used per gram of sample.
Diethylaminopropylamine
A curing agent for epoxy resins.: nbsp definition epoxy resins
Diethylene Triamine
General purpose room temperature epoxy curing agent.
Diethylurea
A white solid polymerizable with simple urea and formaldehyde to form permanently thermoplastic resins.
Differential Bending
The equal and opposite bending in two parallel beams or in two separate areas of a single beam.
Differential Heating
Heating that intentionally produces a temperature gradient within an object such that a desired stress distribution or variation in properties is present within the object when it is cooled.
Differential Scanning Calorimeter
An instrument which measures the rate of heat evolution or absorption of a specimen which is undergoing a programmed temperature change.
Differential Spectrophotometry
A spectrophotometric analytical technique in which a solution of the sample's major component is placed in the reference cell and the recorded spectrum represents the difference between the sample cell and the reference cell.
Differential Thermal Analysis
An analytical method in which the specimen polymer and an inert reference material are heated concurrently at a linear rate, each having its own temperature sensing and recording apparatus.
Diffraction
A modification which light undergoes, as it passes by the edges of opaque bodies or through narrow slits.
Diffuse Reflectance-FTIR
An infrared technique uniquely suitable for composite and prepreg analysis.
Diffused Light
Nondirectional light.
Diffusion
The motion of matter through matter.: surface diffusion grain boundaries grain boundary motion of matter migration
Diffusion Bonding
A method of joining identical materials with extremely clean surfaces employing pressure, low heat, some slight deformation and shifting together for a long contact period.
Diffusion Coating
A coating process used to change the surface composition of a metallic material with (1) another metal or alloy employing heat or (2) exposure to a gaseous or liquid metal to effect diffusion into the basis metal.
Diffusion Coefficient
A factor of proportionality representing the amount of substance diffusing across a unit area through a unit concentration gradient in unit time.
Diffusion Couple
An assembly of two materials in such intimate contact that each diffuses into the other.
Diffusion Flame
A long gas flame that radiates uniformly over its length and precipitates free carbon uniformly.
Diffusion Welding
A solid state high temperature welding process for joining, using simultaneous application of pressure and heat.
Digging
The sudden and erratic increase caused by an unstable condition of a machine setup such as the cutting depth.
Dihalide
A molecule containing two halogen atoms.: nbsp definition halogen molecule atoms
Dihydroxy
A molecule containing two hydroxyl groups.: nbsp definition hydroxyl groups molecule
Dihydroxyacetophenone
See 4-ACETYL RESORCINOL.: resorcinol
Dilatancy
A rheological flow characteristic evidenced by an increase in viscosity with increasing rates of shear, an increase of flow resistance with agitation.
Dilatant
A material with the ability to increase in volume when its shape has changed.
Dilatant Flow
A type of flow characterized by an increase in viscosity as shear stress is increased.
Dilatometer
The instrument used in dilatometry for measuring length or volume changes.
Dilatometry
The measurement and study of dimensional changes in polymers as a function of temperature, fluid absorption, mechanical stress or chemical reaction.
Dilauryl Ether
A long-chain ether used as a lubricant for plastics processing.
Dilinoleic Acid
A dibasic acid used as a modifier in alkyd and polyester resins.
Diluent
A substance which dilutes another substance.: thermosetting resin nbsp definition viscosity
Dilute Solution Viscosity
The viscosity of a dilute solution of a polymer, measured under prescribed conditions, is an indication of the molecular weight of the polymer and can be used to calculate the degree of polymerization.
Dilution Ratio
Ratio by which a given solvent or solution may be diluted without adverse effects.
Dimensional Changes
Applied to fabrics, a generic term for changes in length or width subjected to specified conditions.
Dimensional Stability
Ability of a substance or part to retain its shape when subjected to varying degrees of temperature, moisture, pressure, or other stress.
Dimer
(1) A molecule formed by union of two identical simpler molecules.
Dimerization
A polymerization reaction of two similar molecules.
Dimethyl Acetamide
A solvent for resins and plastics, a catalyst and an intermediate.
Dimethyl Glutarate
A liquid chemical intermediate in the production of polyester resins, synthetic fibers, films and adhesives.
Dimethyl Ketone
See ACETONE.: ketone acetone nbsp
Dimethyl Polysiloxanes
See POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE.: nbsp definition polysiloxanes
Dimethyl Terephthalate
A white, crystalline solid obtained by the oxidation of p-xylene.
Dimethyl Urea
Primary condensation product of urea and formaldehyde.
Dimethylaminopropylamine
A colorless liquid used as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Dimethylformamide
A colorless, high-boiling solvent used for resins and as a solvent booster in adhesive compositions.
Dimethylisobutylcarbinyl Phthalate
A plasticizer for roost common thermoplastics.: phthalate plasticizer thermoplastics
Dimethylol Urea
A colorless crystalline material resulting from the combination of urea and formaldehyde in the presence of salts or alkaline catalysts.
Dimetral Compression Test
See SPLITTING TENSILE STRENGTH.: compression test tensile strength nbsp
Dimorphous
Material which can exist in two distinct crystalline forms, having different melting points.
Dimple
See SHRINK MARK.
Dimple Fracture
A ductile fracture occurring through the formation and coalescence of microvoids along the fracture path.
Dinking
See DIE CUTTING.
Dioctyl Ether
A lubricant used in plastic molding and processing.
Diol
A term sometimes used for a dihydric alcohol, that is an alcohol containing two hydroxyl (OH) radicals.
Diolefin
See DIENE POLYMERS.: diene polymers
Diolefin Resins
By-products from the cracking of petroleum, generally known as aromatic petroleum residues.
Dioxan
A water-miscible solvent.: nbsp definition solvent
Dip Brazing
A brazing process utilizing heat from molten chemical flux or filler metal bath.
Dipentene
A colorless liquid with a lemon-like odor, used as a solvent for alkyd resins.
Diphenyl
A liquid whose vapor is used as a heat transfer agent in chemical processes.
Diphenyl Ether
A plasticizer.: diphenyl plasticizer
Diphenylamine
A crystalline solid, used as a stabilizer.: crystalline solid stabilizer geneva
Dipole
Combination of two electrically charged particles (or parts of a structure) of opposite sign which are separated by a finite distance.
Dipropyl Ketone
A stable, colorless liquid used as a solvent for many resins.
Dipropyl Oxalate
High boiling solvent.: oxalate
Dipropylene Glycol
A high-boiling glycol with a low order of toxicity, used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.
Dipropylene Glycol Monosalicylate
A light-colored oil used as an ultraviolet screening agent.
Direct Beaming
The primary method for making a warp beam.: warp beam nbsp definition
Direct Chill
A patented (Dural Aluminum Composites) process for the commercial production of silicon carbide particulate reinforced metal matrix composites.
Direct Strain
Elongation or shortening per unit length, caused by tensile or compressive stresses respectively.
Direct Stress
A type of stress due to compressive or tensile force.
Direction of Slippage
As applied to yarn slippage testing, it is the line of movement parallel to either the filling or the warp on a woven fabric in which minimum force is required to cause yarn slippage.
Directional Properties
Physical or mechanical properties that vary in relation to a specific direction such as those resulting from structural fibers and preferred orientation.
Directional Solidification
The solidification of molten metal so that feed metal is continually available for the portion undergoing solidification.
Dirt Resistance
The ability of a material to resist soiling by foreign material, other than microorganisms, deposited on or embedded in the dried coating.
Disbond
Separation at an adhesive bond line in a bonded joint.
Discontinuity
An interruption in the physical structure or configuration of a part.
Discontinuous Fiber
A polycrystalline or amorphous body which is discontinuous within the sample or which has its ends inside the stress fields under consideration.
Discontinuous Precipitation
The precipitation from a supersaturated solid solution in which precipitated particulates enlarge by short-range diffusion with simultaneous matrix re-crystallization in the precipitation range.
Discontinuous Yielding
The nonuniform plastic flow of a metal.: gage length plastic deformation nbsp definition yield point plastic flow
Discovery of Free Radicals Honored
The American Chemical Society will designate the discovery of free radicals a National Historic Chemical Landmark.
Discrimination
The act of differentiating qualitatively and quantitatively between stimuli.
Discussion Forum
Pinhole problems continue to plague molders. One new discussion talks about pinholes at a flange, and a continuing discussion on surface pinholes offers some more solutions. In an old discussion about vacuum pressure during infusion, one reader talks about methods...
Discussion Forum
Pinhole problems continue to plague molders. One new discussion talks about pinholes at a flange, and a continuing discussion on surface pinholes offers some
Dished
Showing a symmetrical distortion of a section of a plastic object, so that as normally viewed, it appears more concave.
Dishing
The formation of a concave surface.: nbsp definition concave surface
Disk Grinding
The grinding using a flat abrasive disk or segmented wheel.
Dislocation
A linear imperfection in a crystalline array of atoms.
Disordering
The formation of a lattice arrangement in which solute and solvent atoms of a solid solution occupy random lattice sites.
Dispensing Time
The time in seconds for a continuous blending process during which mixed material is dispensed into a container.
Dispersion
In the plastics industry, the term dispersion usually denotes a finely divided solid spread throughout a liquid or another solid.
Displacement Angle
In filament winding, the advancement distance of the winding ribbon on the equator after one complete circuit.
Dissipation Factor-Electrical
The ratio of the power loss in a dielectric material to the total power transmitted through the dielectric, the imperfection of the dielectric.
Dissipation Factor-Mechanical
The ratio of the loss modulus to the modulus of elasticity (dimensions: unity).
Dissociation
As applied to heterogeneous equilibria, it is the transformation of one phase into two or more new phases of different composition.
Distearyl Ether
A mold lubricant used in plastics processing.: lubricant plastics mold
Distensibility
Ability to be stretched.: elongation distensibility nbsp
Distorted
A condition of being physically changed from a natural or original shape, due to stress of any kind.
Distortion
A change in shape of a solid body.: shape
Distributed Impact Test
As applied to impingement erosion testing, it is an apparatus or method for producing a spatial distribution of impacts by liquid or solid bodies over an exposed surface.
Distributors
Distributors and suppliers of composites and related materials.
Distributors - page 2 of 2
Distributors and suppliers of composites and related materials.
Distributors of Thermoset and Thermoplastic Foams
Distributors of thermoset and thermoplastic foams for uses in cores and other applications.
Distributors: Adhesives
Suppliers of adhesives for bonding composites and other materials.
Distributors: Adhesives - page 2 of 2
Suppliers of adhesives for bonding composites and other materials.
Distributors: Broadgoods
Manufacturers and suppliers of graphite Kevlar fiberglass fabrics and other broadgoods.
Distributors: Broadgoods - page 2 of 2
Manufacturers and suppliers of graphite Kevlar fiberglass fabrics and other broadgoods.
Distributors: Consumables
Suppliers of release films bagging supplies and other consumables used in composite material layups.
Distributors: Consumables - page 2 of 2
Suppliers of release films bagging supplies and other consumables used in composite material layups.
Distributors: Fasteners
Manufacturers and vendors of bolts screws and other fastener hardware.
Distributors: Fasteners - page 2 of 2
Manufacturers and vendors of bolts screws and other fastener hardware.
Distributors: Fibers
Suppliers of graphite aramid Kevlar glass and other fibers for composite products.
Distributors: Fibers - page 2 of 2
Suppliers of graphite aramid Kevlar glass and other fibers for composite products.
Distributors: General
Distributors of composites and related materials.
Distributors: General - page 2 of 2
Distributors of composites and related materials.
Distributors: Metal Matrix Composites
Suppliers and manufacturers of metal matrix composites.
Distributors: Resins
Manufacturers and suppliers of laminating resins for composite laminates.
Distributors: Resins - page 2 of 2
Manufacturers and suppliers of laminating resins for composite laminates.
Distributors: Tooling
Materials used in layup tools molds mandrels and similar products for producing composites.
Distributors: Tooling - page 2 of 2
Materials used in layup tools molds mandrels and similar products for producing composites.
District Court Denies Brunswick Motions to Block CertainTeed
The US District Court in Maine has denied Brunswick's motions to block CertainTeed's tender offer
Disulfate
A compound containing two sulfate radicals.: nbsp definition radicals
Disulfide
A compound containing two sulfur atoms.: nbsp definition sulfur atoms
Divariant Equilibrium
See BIVARIANT EQUILIBRIUM.: equilibrium
Divinylbenzene
A styrene derivative used together with styrene as a reactive monomer in the production of polyester resins, to which it imparts higher cross-linking and superior chemical resistance.
Divorced Eutectic
A metallographic condition in which two constituents of a eutectic structure appear as massive phases instead of the characteristic finely divided mixture of normal eutectics.
Doctor
To spread a coating on a substrate in a layer of uniform, controlled thickness.
Doctor Bar
A flat bar used for regulating the amount of liquid material on the rollers of a coating machine, or to control the thickness of a coating after it has been applied to a substrate.
Doctor Blade
See DOCTOR BAR.: doctor blade nbsp
Doctor Mark or Streak
Streak or ridge in coated fabrics caused by a damaged doctor blade.
Doctor Roll
A roller mechanism revolving at different surface speeds or in an opposite direction, resulting in a wiping action for regulating the adhesive supplied to the spreader roll before it is applied to a substrate.
Documented
Recorded in proper format.
Dodge ESX3 Concept Car has Composite Body
Dodge ESX3 concept car borrows technology from Composite Concept Vehicle CCV
Dodge Viper Concept Car - Composite Materials
Dodge Viper GTS/R Has One-Piece Carbon Composite Body, from your About.com Guide
Doff
Roving package.: nbsp definition
Dogbone
A colloquial term to describe the shape of a tensile test specimen.
Doily
In filament winding, the planar reinforcement that is applied to a local area between windings to provide extra strength in an area where a cut-out is to be made.
Dolomite
(1) A mineral containing calcium carbonate and 1 mole of magnesium carbonate.
Dome
As applied to filament winding, that portion of a cylindrical container which forms the integral ends of the container.
Domed
Having a symmetrical convex protrusion in the surface.
Dope
Colloquial term for mold lubricant.: colloquial term lubricant mold
Double Aging
The employment of two different aging treatments to obtain desired properties by controlling the precipitate type formed from a supersaturated matrix.
Double Bond
(1) A molecular structure in which a pair of valence bonds join a pair of carbon or other atoms.
Double Peck
In woven fabrics, it is two pecks incorrectly placed in the same shed.
Double Ram Press
A press for injection or transfer molding in which two distinct systems (hydraulic or mechanical), of the same or a different kind, create respectively the injection or transfer force and the clamping force.
Double Refraction
See BIREFRINGENCE.: double refraction birefringence nbsp
Double Shear
An advantageous, balanced shear relationship which eliminates bending, prying and tension loads on shear attachments while distributing an applied shear load over two shear planes in each attachment.
Double-Shot Molding
A process for production of two-color or two-component parts by means of successive molding methods.
Doubler
A local area with extra reinforcement, either filament wound and (1) fabricated integrally with the part or (2) fabricated separately and bonded or fastened.
Doubling
(1) Combining two or more strands without twisting.
Dough
See DOUGH MOLDING COMPOUND.: molding compound nbsp
Dough Molding Compound
A colloquial term used to describe a reinforced plastic mixture of dough-like consistency in an uncured or partially cured state.
Dow Automotive and Cyclics Sign Marketing Agreement
Dow Automotive has entered into a long term agreement with Cyclics Corporation for marketing the cyclic form of polybutylene terephthalate (CBT) resins into the global automotive, bus, truck, and rail markets. Terms of the agreement were not disclosed.
Dow Enters Biocomposite Panel Business
Dow Pipeline has acquired a majority of Manitoba-based Isobord Enterprises, a manufacturer of composite panels made from wheat straw and Dow's polyurethane resin.
Dow Spins Off FULCRUM Thermoplastic Composites
Dow Chemical is spinning off its FLUCRUM thermoplastic composite technology into a new company, Fulcrum Composites Inc. FULCRUM is a process for manufacturing pultruded thermoplastic composites reinforced with continuous fibers.
Dow Spins Off FULCRUM Thermoplastic Composites
Dow Chemical is spinning off its FLUCRUM thermoplastic composite technology into a new company, Fulcrum Composites Inc. FULCRUM is a process for manufacturing
Dow Wins Award - Composite Materials
Dow Automotive Wins Award for Plastics Use, from your About.com Guide
Dow-UT Builds F-22 Composites - Composite Materials
Dow-UT Delivers First F-22 Composite Tail Fairing, from your About.com Guide
Dowel
A pin used to maintain alignment between two or more parts of a mold.
Dowel Bushing
A hardened steel insert in the portion of a mold which receives the dowel pin.
Dowtherm
Trademark for a eutectic mixture of phenyl ether and diphenyl, used for heat transfer.
Dr. Clem Hiel to Present SAMPE Keynote Address
Dr. Clem Hiel will present the keynote address at the International SAMPE Technical Conference on 7 November 2000.
Drafting
The process of attenuating slivers to decrease the mass per unit length.
Drag
The bottom section of a mold or pattern.: bottom section mold
Dragout
In liquid penetrant examination, it is the carryout or loss of penetrant adhering to the test specimens.
Drape
The ability of preimpregnated broadgoods to conform to an irregular shape--textile conformity.
Drape Assist Frame
In sheet thermoforming, a frame made from thin wires or thick bars shaped to the peripheries of the depressed areas of the mold and suspended above the sheet to be formed.
Drape Forming
See THERMOFORMING.: nbsp definition
Draw Ratio
(1) A measure of the degree of stretching during the orientation of a fiber or filament, expressed as the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the undrawn material to that of the drawn material.
Draw Resonance
A phenomenon occurring in extrusion processes in which the extrudate is drawn into a quenching bath at a certain critical speed, which creates a cyclic pulsation in the cross-sectional area of the extrudate.
Draw-Back
Wave distortion characterized by tight and slack places in the same warp yarn.
Drawability
The ability of fiber-forming polymers to undergo several hundred percent permanent deformation, under load, at ambient or elevated temperatures.
Drawdown Bar
Rectangular metal bar designed to deposit a specified thickness of wet coating film on test panels or other substrates.
Drawdown Ratio
In extrusion or fiber spinning, the ratio of the thickness of the die opening to the final thickness of the product.
Drawing
The mechanical operation of extending or stretching a synthetic fiber, filament, or sheet to orient the molecular structure or reduce in cross-sectional area and/or to improve its physical properties by orientation.
Drier
A composition which accelerates the drying of a coating.
Drier Absorption
See DRIER DISSIPATION.: nbsp definition absorption
Drier Dissipation
A loss in catalytic power of a drier due to a physical absorption or a chemical reaction with certain pigments.
Drift
See CREEP.: nbsp definition drift
Drilling Graphite - Composite Materials
The best drill bits for drilling graphite, from your About.com Guide
Drop Test
Technique for measuring the durability of a part or material by subjecting it to a free fall, from a predetermined height into a surface, under prescribed conditions.
Drop-Weight Test
(1) An impact resistance test similar to the Izod test, except that the weights are dropped on the specimen from varying heights.
Drum Sander
A machine employing one or more revolving cylinders, each wrapped with coated abrasives, used for grinding and sanding surfaces to a desired degree of smoothness.
Drum Tumbler
A device used to mix plastic pellets with other materials and/or regrind.
Dry
To change the physical state of an adhesive or an adherend through solvent loss, utilizing evaporation or absorption or both.
Dry Basis
Exclusive of any moisture which may be present.: dry basis
Dry Blend
A dry, free-flowing mixture of resin with plasticizers and other additives prepared by blending the components under high shear at temperatures below the fluxing point.
Dry Bulk
See APPARENT DENSITY.: apparent density nbsp
Dry Fiber
A condition in which fibers are not fully encapsulated by resin during pultrusion.
Dry Laminate
A laminate containing insufficient resin for complete bonding of the reinforcement.
Dry Lay-up
A method for constructing a laminate by the layering of preimpregnated, partly cured reinforcements in or on a mold, usually followed by BAG MOLDING or AUTOCLAVE MOLDING.
Dry Spinning
See SPINNING.: nbsp definition
Dry Spot
See RESIN-STARVED AREA.: resin nbsp
Dry Strength
The strength of a laminate determined immediately after drying under specified conditions or after a period of conditioning in a standard laboratory atmosphere.
Dry Winding
A term used to describe filament winding using preimpregnated roving.
Dry-Bag Isostatic Pressing
A process used in MMC in which the envelope is permanently sealed into a pressure vessel to enable the loading of the powder, bag sealing, pressurization and product removal to be more readily accomplished.
DuPont Automotive Safety Initiative Leverages Composites
DuPont's new automotive safety initiative leverages existing products to improve vehicle safety. Applications include Kevlar and Nomex fibers for door and bumper beam structural reinforcements.
Ducommun Wins Apache Blade Contract
Ducommun has been awarded a $24 million (USD) follow-on contract to manufacture main rotor blades for the Apache AH-64 helicopter. The Apache rotor blades are
Ductility
The amount of plastic strain that a material can withstand before fracture.
Dull Rubbing
Rubbing a dried coating to a dull finish, with an abrasive paper, pumice, steel wool, and oil or water.
Dullness
Lack of luster or gloss.: luster gloss
Dumas Method
A procedure, involving combustion, for the determination of nitrogen in organic substances.
Dummy Joint
A groove cut in concrete where a shrinkage or temperature crack may be expected.
Dunting
The cracking that occurs in fired ceramics due to thermally induced stress.
Duplicate Cavity-Plate
A removable plate that retains cavities, used where two-plate operation is necessary for loading inserts, etc.
Durability
Degree to which materials withstand the destructive effect of the conditions to which they are subjected.
Durable Membranes - Composite Materials
INEEL Develops Durable Membranes, from your About.com Guide
Durometer
An instrument used for measuring the hardness of a material.
Durometer Hardness
See INDENTATION HARDNESS.
Dust
An imprecise term referring to particulates capable of temporary suspension in air or other gases.
Dwarf Width
The crosswise dimension of a pultruded flat surface which is less than the die would normally yield for a particular composite.
Dwell
(1) A pause in the application of pressure to a mold, made just before the mold is completely closed, to allow the escape of gas from the molding material.
Dwell Mark
A fracture surface marking, resembling a pronounced ripple mark, which indicates that the fracture paused at the dwell mark for a period of time.
Dwell Time
(1) During cure the period of time that a laminate is held at elevated temperature, prior to application of pressure.
Dye Penetrant Inspection
A quality control and NDE technique used for crack detection and other discontinuities in nonmagnetic alloys.
DynaComp Announces Composite Crew Door for Piper PA31
DynaComp Corp. announces immediate availability of the Super 31 Crew Door (8-12 weeks ARO) and related products for the Piper PA31 Navajo/Chieftain airframe.
Dynamic Creep
Creep which occurs under conditions of fluctuating load or temperature.
Dynamic Dielectric Analysis
An instrumental means for quantitative material evaluation and closed loop smart cycle control.
Dynamic Fatigue Test
See ALTERNATING STRESS AMPLITUDE.: fatigue test amplitude nbsp stress
Dynamic Impact Test
A load displacement test which simulates the free fall of an object during rough handling.
Dynamic Load
The imposed in-motion force which may vary in magnitude, sense and direction.
Dynamic Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of composites as deformed under periodic forces such as dynamic modulus, loss modulus and mechanical damping or internal friction.
Dynamic Mechanical Spectroscopy
A technique useful for studying the rheology of thermosetting matrix resins by the change in viscosity as a function of temperature at different heating and strain rates.
Dynamic Modulus
The ratio of stress to strain under vibratory conditions (calculated from data obtained from either free or forced vibration tests, in shear, compression, or elongation).
Dynamic Viscosity
See VISCOSITY (absolute).: dynamic viscosity nbsp definition harmonic oscillation angular frequency eta
Dynamometer
An electric calibration device used to verify indicated loads applied by a fatigue testing machine.
Dyne
The force necessary to give an acceleration of one centimeter per second squared to one gram of mass.
Dynetek Delivers DyneCell Fuel Tanks of Natural Gas Vehicles
Calgary-based Dynetek Industries Ltd. delivered 32 of its natural gas fuel tanks to Labrie Equipment for a fleet of six natural gas-powered refuse haulers, headed for the California market.
Dynetek Hires Managing Director for German Facility
Dynetek Industries has hired Dr. Chris Rasche, a well-known industry scientist to lead the Company's operations in Germany. Dr. Rasche will be Managing Director of production, R&D, certification and standardization.
Dynetek Hires New Vice President
Dynetek Industries announced that Ms. Andrea Cherkas has joined the Company as Vice President, Sales and Marketing.
Dynetek Incorporates German Subsidiary
Dynetek Industries has incorporated a wholly owned subsidiary, Dynetek Europe GmbH.
Dynetek Receives Order for 1000 Natural Gas Cylinders
Dynetek will ship 1000 of its lightweight cylinders to its partner, Kokan-Drum, for distribution to major Japanese carmakers and bus manufacturers for their CNG vehicles.
Dynetek Reports Higher Revenues and Sales
Dynetek Industries reported increased revenues and sales for the second quarter of 2001. Earnings were lower because of expansion and R&D costs.
Dynetek Supplies Fuel Storage Systems for Peterbilt Trucks
Dynetek Industries announced that it has supplied the fuel storage systems for fourteen of the Peterbilt 378 trucks scheduled for delivery to Norcal Waste Systems by Cummins Westport.
E
(1) Most common symbol for modulus of elasticity.: modulus of elasticity nbsp definition exa prefix abbreviation
E-Beam Curing - Composite Materials
Electron Beam Curing, from your About.com Guide: kevlar aramid fiber aerospace composites polymer resin electron beams plastic resins
E-Glass
A low alkali borosilicate glass with good electrical and mechanical properties and good chemical resistance.
E-beam Treatment Forms Velcro-like Bonds
A new method for treating the surface of metals with electron beams forms metal projections that act like ultra-strong Velcro. The process has been used to bond
EBC
Abbreviation for ELECTRON BEAM CUTTING.: electron beam abbreviation nbsp
EBM
Abbreviation for ELECTRON BEAM MACHINING.: electron beam machining abbreviation nbsp
EBW
Abbreviation for ELECTRON BEAM WELDING.: electron beam welding abbreviation ebw nbsp
ECDG
Abbreviation for ELECTROCHEMICAL DISCHARGE GRINDING.
ECG
Abbreviation for ELECTROCHEMICAL GRINDING.: electrochemical abbreviation
ECH
Abbreviation for ELECTROCHEMICAL HONING.: electrochemical honing nbsp definition abbreviation
ECM
Abbreviation for ELECTROCHEMICAL MACHINING.: electrochemical machining abbreviation nbsp
ED
Symbol for edge distance.: nbsp definition ed ed
EDM
Abbreviation for ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING.: electrical discharge machining electric discharge machining abbreviation nbsp
EIA
Abbreviation for Electronic Industries Association.
EM
Abbreviation for electromagnetic.: abbreviation
EMC
Abbreviation for elastomeric-molding tooling.: nbsp definition emc molding abbreviation
EMF Series
Abbreviation for ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE SERIES.: abbreviation
EMI
Abbreviations for (1) 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole and (2) ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE.
EMM
Abbreviation for ELECTROMECHANICAL MACHINING.: electrochemical machining abbreviation nbsp
EOL
Abbreviation for END-OF-LIFE.: abbreviation nbsp
EOP
Engineering drawing abbreviation for end of part.: nbsp definition abbreviation
EP
Abbreviation for (1) EPOXY RESINS or EPOXIDES.: nbsp definition epoxy resins copolymers propylene ethylene
EPI
Abbreviation for EPICHLOROHYDRIN.: nbsp definition abbreviation
EPTA Announces 6th World Pultrusion Conference
EPTA is organising the 6th World Pultrusion Conference on Thursday the 4th and Wednesday the 5th of April, 2002 at the Dorint Don Giovanni Hotel in Prague, the Czech Republic.
ESC
See ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS CRACKING.: stress nbsp
ESCA
Acronym for Electron Spectroscope for Chemical Analysis.
ESD
Abbreviation for ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE.: electrostatic discharge abbreviation nbsp
ET
Abbreviation for effective temperature.: nbsp definition abbreviation
ETFE Fluoropolymer
A modified copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene, trade name Tefzel.
EXW
Abbreviation for EXPLOSIVE WELDING.: abbreviation nbsp exw
Earthquake Resistance - Composite Materials
Two Layer Composite Provides Earthquake Resistance, from your About.com Guide
Earthshell Composite Packaging - Composite Materials
EarthShell in Joint Venture for Composite Food Packaging, from your About.com Guide
Eastman Chemical Divests Composites Line
Apollo Management, a private investment company, has agreed to acquire certain businesses and product lines from Eastman Chemical. Among the product lines are
Eastman Chemical to become Two Companies
Eastman Chemical has announced plan to split the company in two. Specialty Checmicals and Plastics will form one company; PET Plastics and Acetate Fibers will form the other company.
Eastman VP Retires - Composite Materials
Eastman VP Tom Nethery Retires, from your About.com Guide
Eastman to Improve Composites Profitability
Eastman Chemical Company will be taking steps to improve profitability in under-performing business segments, including unsaturated polyester resins for
Eccentric Load
A compressive or tensile load which does not act through the centroid of the cross section.
Eccentricity
(1) The ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum wall thickness expressed as a percentage.
Ecology
The science of the relationship between organisms and their environment.
Eddy Current
The current induced in a mass of conducting material by a varying magnetic field.
Eddy Current Testing
An electromagnetic nondestructive testing method using an eddy current induced flow within the test part.
Edge Angle
The included angle between two opposite edges of a hardness indenter.
Edge Beam
Type of beam at the edge of a shell or plate structure whose stiffness may greatly increase the load-bearing capacity of the structure.
Edge Dislocation
See DISLOCATION.: edge dislocation nbsp
Edge Distance
The distance from the center of a hole to the nearest free edge of the material it pierces.
Edge Distance Ratio
The distance from the center of the bearing hole to the edge of the specimen in the direction of the principal stress, divided by the diameter of the hole.
Edge Joint
The joint between the edges of two or more parallel or almost parallel members.
Edgewise
Refers to the cutting of specimens and to the application of load.
Editorial Calendar for 2001 SAMPE Journal
SAMPE has announced the editorial calendar for the 2001 SAMPE Journal. Paper and advertising inquiries may be sent to the Editorial Office.
Educational Materials
Tutorials presentations lecture notes and other educational materials about composites.
Educational Resources
Educational resources focused on plastics and polymers. This section highlights universities, institutions and not-for-profit industry organizations with a strong plastics bias.
Educational and Academic Resources for Composites and Plastics
Educational and academic resources for composites and plastics. Includes course outlines, lecture notes, university laboratories and departments, and degree programs.
Effective Columnar Length
The distance between the points of inflection or contraflexure of a column when it buckles.
Effective Depth of Reinforced Concrete
As applied to a beam or slab, it is the distance of the centroid of the reinforcement from the compression face of the concrete.
Effective Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete
The deformation of concrete under load is partly due to instantaneous elastic deformation and time-dependent creep.
Effective Prestress
The stress remaining in the concrete due to prestressing after all losses have occurred.
Effective Yield Strength
An assumed value of uniaxial yield strength representing the influences of plastic yielding upon fracture test parameters.
Effervescence
The vigorous evolution of gas which accompanies some chemical reactions.
Efficiency
The ratio of the energy produced to the energy expended.
Efflorescence
An encrustation of soluble salts, commonly white, deposited on the surface of materials.
Effluent Limitations
Any restrictions, established by the government or by management, on quantities, rates and concentrations of chemical, physical, biological and other constituents which are discharged from manufacturing sources.
Efflux Viscometer
A cup-type viscometer containing an orifice.: viscometer precision and accuracy orifice capillary nbsp
Ejection
The process of removing a molded part from the mold.
Ejection Plate
A metal plate used to operate ejector pins and designed to apply a uniform pressure to them in the process of ejection.
Ejection Ram
A small hydraulic ram fitted to a press for the purpose of operating ejector pins.
Ejector Pins
A rod, pin or sleeve which pushes a molding off or forces it out of a cavity.
Elastic Axis
The lengthwise line within a structure joining the elastic center of each structure cross section.
Elastic Calibration Device
One used to verify the load readings of a testing machine.
Elastic Center
The point within a cross section of a structural member.
Elastic Deformation
A change in dimensions of an object under load that is fully recovered when the load is removed.
Elastic Design
Type of design based on the assumptions that structural materials behave elastically, and stresses therein should be as close as possible to, but not greater than, the maximum permissible stresses under the action of service or working loads.
Elastic Limit
The greatest stress which a material is capable of sustaining without permanent strain remaining, upon the complete release of the stress.
Elastic Melt Extruder
See EXTRUDER.: extruder nbsp
Elastic Memory
A characteristic of certain plastics, which upon reheating revert to a shape or dimension previously existing during their manufacture.
Elastic Modulus
See MODULUS OF ELASTICITY.: modulus of elasticity nbsp
Elastic Nylon
See NYLON MONOFILAMENTS.: nbsp definition nylon
Elastic Range
The range of stress for a structural material from zero up to and including the proportional limit.
Elastic Ratio
The quotient of the yield point divided by tensile strength.
Elastic Recovery
That fraction of a given deformation which behaves elastically.
Elastic Relation
The fully reversible, single-valued stress-strain relation.
Elastic Solid
A solid for which, at all values of the shearing stress below the rupture stress (shear strength), the strain is fully determined by the stress (whether the stress is increasing or decreasing).
Elastic Strain
That which is instantly and fully recovered when the load causing it is removed.
Elastic Strain Energy
The potential energy stored in a strained solid equal to the work performed in deforming the solid from its unstrained state less any energy dissipated by inelastic deformation.
Elastic True Strain
The elastic component of true strain.
Elasticity
The ability of a material to quickly recover its original dimensions after removal of a load that has caused deformation.
Elasticity, Coefficient of
See MODULUS OF ELASTICITY.: modulus of elasticity elasticity coefficient coefficient of elasticity nbsp
Elasticizer
A term for a compounding additive which contributes elasticity to a resin.
Elastomer
An amorphous, cross-linked high polymer above its Tg which will stretch rapidly under tension, reaching high elongations (500 to 1000%) with low damping.
Elastomeric
Relating to or having the properties of an elastomer.
Elastomeric Tooling
A tooling system utilizing the thermal expansion of rubber-like materials to shape and form composite components during their cure cycle.
Electrets
Polymeric materials which have been electrically polarized so that one side has a positive charge and the other side a negative charge, much like permanent magnets.
Electric Ceramic Bonding
A means for joining ceramic materials, e.: silicon nitride ceramic materials electrode high voltage surfaces
Electric Discharge Machining
A technique applied to MMCs for the straight or contour machining of materials such as SiC.
Electrical Breakdown
Disruption in a polymer that occurs when an applied voltage can no longer be maintained across material without excessive flow of current and physical disruption.
Electrical Resistance
See ARC RESISTANCE, BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE, CORONA RESISTANCE, DIELECTRIC, DIELECTRIC CONSTANT, DIELECTRIC STRENGTH, INSULATION RESISTANCE, SURFACE RESISTANCE, SURFACE RESISTIVITY, TRACKING, VOLUME RESISTIVITY.
Electrically Conductive Plastics
Those plastics that exhibit electrical conductivity.
Electrochemical Corrosion
The corrosion that is involving a flow of electrons between cathodic and anodic areas.
Electrochemical Discharge Grinding
A process whereby a-c or pulsating d-c current is conducted from a conductive grinding wheel made of bonded graphite to a positively charged workpiece through an electrolyte.
Electrochemical Grinding
A form of electrochemical machining utilizing the combined action of electrochemical attack and abrasion for rapid material removal.
Electrochemical Honing
A process similar to electrochemical grinding involving the use of honing stones rather than a grinding wheel.
Electrochemical Machining
A process for the removal of metal by dissolution using an electrochemical reaction, which is the reverse of electroplating.
Electrochromic Polymer Films Display Wide Variety of Colors
Electrochromic polymer films can display a wide variety of colors when subjected to an electric current. Applications include windows that can be turned opaque and very thin message signs.
Electrocoating
See ELECTRODEPOSITION.: nbsp definition electrocoating
Electrocomposites
Lightweight, metal coated, or electro-formed reinforcement and MMCs.
Electrocuring
A process which uses an electron beam, on a continuous production line, to cure organic coatings applied to commercial products.
Electrode
A terminal member in an electrical circuit designed to promote an electrical field between it and another electrode.
Electrodeposition
A coating application method in which me substrate, an electrical conductor, is made one of the electrodes; the other electrode is generally a metal such as copper.
Electroforming
A process used for making molds for plastic processes, usually those employing low or moderate pressures.
Electroless Plating
The deposition of metals on a catalytic surface from solution without an external source of current.
Electrolytic Grinding
A combination grinding and machining technique using a metal-bonded abrasive wheel, usually diamond as the cathode in contact with the anodic workpiece.
Electrolytic Machining
The controlled removal of metal to produce a part having the desired shape and dimensions using an applied potential and suitable electrolyte.